Home / Blog / Rinjani Mountain 3,726 Lombok ... Rinjani Mountain 3,726 Lombok Island At Blog by Rinjani Bond MOUNTAIN RINJANI Mount Rinjani is a mountain located on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. This mountain, which is the second highest volcano in Indonesia with a height of 3,726 meters above sea level and is located at latitude 8º25′ South Latitude and 116º28′ East Longitude, is a favorite mountain for Indonesian climbers because of its beautiful views. This mountain is part of the Mount Rinjani National Park which has an area of around 41,330 ha and it is proposed to increase it to 76,000 ha to the west and east. Administratively, this mountain is located in three districts: East Lombok, Central Lombok and North Lombok. Topography Segara Anak crater lake with Mount Barujari on the edge of the lake seen from the peak of Mount Rinjani on the east side. Mount Rinjani, with its highest point at 3,726 meters above sea level, dominates much of the view of the northern part of Lombok Island. cone there is a caldera with an area of around 3,500 m × 4,800 m, extending to the east and west. In this caldera there is Segara Anak (segara = sea, lake) covering an area of 11,000,000 square meters with a depth of 230 m. The water flowing from this lake forms a very To the west of the Rinjani beautiful waterfall, flowing through a steep ravine. In Segara Anak there are many goldfish and tilapia so they are often used for fishing. The southern part of this lake is called Segara Endut. On the east side of the caldera there is Mount Baru (or Mount Barujari) which has a crater measuring 170m×200 m with a height of 2,296 – 2376 m above sea level. This small mountain last erupted on 25 October 2015 and 3 November 2015,[3] having previously erupted in May 2009 and in 2004.[4][5] If the 2004 eruption did not result in casualties, the 2009 eruption claimed 31 indirect lives, due to flash floods on the Kokok (River) Tanggek due to lava pushing into Segara Anak. Previously, Mount Barujari was recorded as having erupted in 1944 (at the same time it was formed), 1966 and 1994. Apart from Mount Barujari, there is also another crater that has erupted, called Mount Rombongan. Stratigraphy Stratigraphically, Mount Rinjani is underlain by Neogene clastic sedimentary rocks (including limestone), and locally by Oligo-Miocene volcanic rocks. Quaternary volcanoes themselves mostly produce pyroclastics, which in some places are interbedded with lava. The lithology records some of the eruptions known in history. Since 1847 there have been 7 eruptions, with the shortest period of rest being 1 year and the longest being 37 years. As with other volcanoes, Koesoemadinata (1979) stated that the activity of the Rinjani volcano after the formation of the caldera was rebuilding. The activity is in the form of effusion which produces lava and explosives which form loose material (pyroclastic) deposits. Lava is generally black in color, and when it melts it looks like foam. The eruption after the formation of the caldera was relatively weak, and the lava released by the cones of Mt. Barujari and Mt. Rombongan was relatively more alkaline than the lava of other volcanoes in Indonesia. The possibility of hot clouds occurring when the eruption peaks is very small. Eruption material is generally deposited in the inner part of the caldera only. Lava flows, lava eruptions, lava rain and hot clouds of avalanches have the potential to lead to Kokok Putih to Batusantek. Hot clouds of avalanche can occur along new lava flows that are still moving, although the possibility is small. Structure and Tectonics The shape of the Segara Anak Caldera which slopes towards the west-east is thought to be related to the structure of cracks in the bedrock. Rinjani Volcano, which is located in the Quaternary volcanic belt of the Sunda Arc system, was formed by subducting activities of the Indian Ocean floor beneath the edge of the Southeast Asian Plate. The subduction line located in the south shows the presence of a north-south trending compression force. West-east trending bedrock cracks, which influence the caldera structure, are thus interpreted as release cracks caused by traction forces. This structure was formed at least since the beginning of the Quaternary Period. Peak of Mount Rinjani Climbing Mount Rinjani (peak) is one of the mainstay tourist attractions in the Mount Rinjani National Park area. Mount Rinjani is the second highest active volcanic mountain in Indonesia. The peak of Mount Rinjani is the destination of most adventurers and nature lovers who visit this area because succeeding in reaching the peak is a matter of pride. The enthusiasm of the nature lover community throughout the archipelago and even from abroad in climbing activities is quite large, this is proven by the increase in the number of visitors who climb every year. Massive climbing activities are carried out from July to August, in August (mid) climbing participants are generally dominated by students from all over Indonesia who want to celebrate the Independence Day of the Republic of Indonesia at the peak of Mount Rinjani and Segara Anak Lake through activities “Tapak Rinjani” is held regularly every year by a group of nature lovers on Lombok Island in collaboration with the Mount Rinjani National Park Office. Segara Anak Lake The main attraction of Mount Rinjani National Park which is very prospective is Segara Anak Lake, this location can be reached from two official climbing routes, namely the Senaru climbing route and the Sembalun climbing route. To visit Segara Anak Lake from the Senaru route, it takes around 7 – 10 hours to walk (± 8 km) from the climbing route gate. Meanwhile, from the Sembalun route it takes 8 – 10 hours. Segara Anak Lake with a height of ± 2,010 m above sea level and a lake depth of around ± 230 meters has a shape like a crescent moon with an area of around 1,100 Ha. Around Lake Segara Anak, there is land that is quite wide and flat, which can be used as a camping/camping area, and visitors can also fish in the lake or soak in the hot water which contains sulfur. Another object around Lake Segara Anak is the headwaters of the Koko Puteq River ± 150 meters from Lake Segara Anak. Apart from that, there are also Goa Susu, Goa Manik, Goa Payung, Goa Susu which is believed to be a medium for self-reflection and is often used as a place for meditation. Meanwhile, at the bottom of Lake Segara Anak there is a hot spring (Aik Kalak Pengkereman Jembangan) which is usually used to test and bathe lucky objects (Swords, Keris, Badik, Spear, Golok, etc.) where these objects become sticky when being soaked means the objects are bad/do not have supernatural powers, whereas if the objects remain intact it means the objects have supernatural powers/are believed to have potency. Climbing Rinjani has the best panorama among the mountains in Indonesia. Every year (June-August) it is visited by many nature lovers ranging from local residents, students, nature lovers. The average air temperature is about 20 °C; lowest 12 °C. Strong winds at the peak are common in August. Apart from the peak, a place often visited is Segara Anakan, a lake located at an altitude of 2,000m above sea level. To reach this location we can climb from Senaru village or Sembalun Lawang village (the two closest entry points at an altitude of 600m above sea level and 1,150m above sea level) in the Sembalun area. There are four official climbing routes to get to Mount RInjani, the Sembalun Route (East Lombok), the Senaru (North Lombok), Aik Berik Route (Central Lombok), and Timbanuh Route (East Lombok). Most climbers start climbing from the Sembalun route and end the climb in Senaru, because it can save 700 m of altitude. The Sembalun route is a bit long but flat, and the weather is hotter because it passes through the hot savanna (the temperature is cold but the sun’s radiation directly burns the skin). Sun protection cream is highly recommended. From the Senaru route the climb is continuous, but the weather is soft because it goes through the forest. From these two locations it takes about 7 hours to walk to the lip of the ridge at an altitude of 2,641m above sea level (arriving at Plawangan Senaru or Plawangan Sembalun). In this place the views towards the lake and outside are very good. From Plawangan Senaru (if you go up from Senaru) go down to the lake via a steep wall to a height of 2,000 meters above sea level) which can be reached in 2 hours. At the lake we can camp, fish a lot (Carper, Mujair). Lombok residents have a tradition of visiting Segara Anak to soak in the hot pools and fish. To reach the top (from the direction of the lake) you have to walk up the western wall 700m high and climb a ridge 1,000 m high which is done in 2 stages, 3 hours and 4 hours. The first stage goes to Plawangan Sembalun, the last camp to wait for the morning. Summit attacks are usually carried out at 3 am to look for beautiful moments – the sunrise at the summit of Rinjani. The journey to Puncak is quite good; because it climbs on the rim of the crater with a mediocre margin of safety. Terrain sand, rock, dirt. The final 200 meters of height must be reached with great difficulty, because one step forward is followed by half a step down (falling into gravel). For highlanders – this is the most challenging and preferred place because the tough terrain is compensated by the beautiful natural scenery. Mount Agung in Bali, Mount Raung in Banyuwangi and Mount Tambora in Sumbawa are clearly visible in good weather in the morning. To climb Rinjani you don’t need any tools, just stamina, patience and the climber’s passion. The entire trip can be achieved in a three day two night program, or if you want to see two other objects: Susu Cave and Mount Baru Jari (a subsidiary of Mount Rinjani with a new crater in the middle of the lake) you need an additional two days of travel time. Logistical preparation is very necessary. It is recommended to use the services of an experienced local guide to avoid the risk of getting lost and still respect local traditional culture. Global Geoparks At the UNESCO Global Geopark Council I meeting in Torquay, England on 24 August 2016, the UN Agency for Education, Science and Culture UNESCO included the name Mount Rinjani in the list of requests for status as a Global Geopark. Mount Rinjani is included in the list of 18 new applications for Global Earth Park status. If Mount Rinjani is designated as a Global Geopark by UNESCO, it will become the third Global Geopark Archived 2021-02-22 at the Wayback Machine. in Indonesia, apart from the Batur Geopark in Bali and the Gunung Sewu Geopark which are located in the three provinces of Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java. Confirmation of whether or not Mount Rinjani will be accepted as a Global Geopark will be conveyed in April 2018, and the handover of the Global Geopark charter will be held in Italy in September 2018. The existence of Mount Rinjani is also the reason why West Nusa Tenggara Province was appointed as the host for Asia Pacific Geopark activities. Networks Symposium Archived 2011-06-24 at the Wayback Machine. or a meeting of all Geopark members throughout Asia Pacific in 2019.